S/M Isn't What It Used to Be
By Keith L. Kendrick, R.N., C.H.
In major American cities today small groups of otherwise relatively normal people get together to discuss, and to a lesser extent practice, S/M. But wait
a minute-- doesn't S/M mean one person who enjoys deliberately inflicting pain on another person who, for some reason, likes receiving that pain?
The answer certainly is yes, but to understand why these people gather to discuss and practice S/M, you first need to understand the difference between
the old, traditional mainstream concept of sadism and masochism and the newer concept of S/M that is currently being practiced in a healthy manner. In the
old concept, a sadist was usually someone who enjoyed inflicting pain on a person who had not consented to it, and a masochist was someone who felt
compelled to experience the pain though it was usually considered "sick" to enjoy it. Furthermore, these participants usually had a significant
psychological imbalance or disorder, and their S/M activities quite often could easily cause long term harm, both physically and mentally.
The people who gather today to form small communities and even clubs devoted to S/M enthusiasts are very different from this old concept. Before
discussing this difference though, let's examine the perception and image of pain. When
most people think of pain, they attach very negative connotations to it, and the more negative the connotation, the more likely they are to think the
experience of pain is awful. However, in some cultures the stoic endurance of pain has been viewed as a character builder, and consequently in such cultures
it is not always thought of as something bad. In a similar vein, in medical "pain clinics" people are taught to change their thinking towards pain so that
the "hurt" doesn't bother them as much. Many of these pain clinic patients also report that as a result of creating a new attitude towards dealing with
physical pain, they have made similar attitude changes and corresponding improvements in other aspects of their lives as well.
Another facet of pain is found in the "runners high," which also occurs in some other sports activities. In this type of "high," as a result of exhausting
physical exertion people experience muscle pain that causes the body to produce endorphins, which is a natural pain-killing response. Endorphins are similar to
morphine and produce pleasurable euphoric feelings. They are also a significant factor in why some people can discover pleasure in feeling pain, but there are
other factors as well.
Now back to the new versus the old concept of S/M. In contrast to the old concept, this new S/M has come to emphasize the motto of "Safe, Sane, and
Consensual." This means that the S/M "play" is done in such a manner that will not cause or transmit any long term physically disabling injury or disease.
Foremost is the concern with disabling muscle, skeletal or nerve injury, and the transmission of hepatitis and AIDS's viruses as well as other diseases.
Secondly, this means that the S/M play is to be engaged in by participants who are free of significant mental impairment, whether by psychological disturbance
or disorder, or by mind-altering substances.
Then each participant must willingly consent to whatever S/M activity that is performed. If during an S/M "play scene" one person indicates he or she wishes
to stop, whether through a prearranged signal or an outright request, then the other person must stop immediately. Of course this requires prior
communication--and people who don't communicate well usually don't do well in this type of S/M. (Note: children cannot give a valid consent!)
One element of the contemporary S/M scene is also associated with the safe, sane and consensual motto: respect and tolerance for other people. Most people
in S/M communities act with respect towards each other even though they may dislike certain aspects of some members-- this is what is meant by tolerance.
Those who don't follow this implicit rule are usually quite effectively ostracized from the group. About the only time tolerance is not shown is when
someone engages in activities that are not regarded as safe, sane, and consensual, or when someone expresses hate or hostility based on unjust
discrimination.
Something else also occurs due to the growth of S/M communities: their members form close relationships and often these relationships become somewhat
spiritual in nature, much as the bonds that develop between "churchgoers" can enrich their spiritual lives.
Another development in this new S/M is the spiritual growth from an individual perspective, whether from that of the giver (the "top") or the receiver (the
"bottom"). This spiritual development occurs as a result of learning greater self-mastery, either in the sense of developing the ability to administer pain
in such a manner that ultimately provides pleasure, or in the sense of learning to approach pain as a challenge to meet and come to enjoy. Sometimes these
two perspectives will be combined in one person (who is indeed fortunate) in his or
her ability to "switch" between "top" and "bottom" roles. And sometimes the development of this self- mastery becomes a varying combination of artistic and
athletic expression, though it usually would be judged extreme by our cultural norms.
But regardless of whether one is a top, bottom, or switch, the accompanying inner growth brings a sense of satisfaction and sometimes real joy. Then when
such personal growth is shared with someone of a similar mind in an S/M play setting, and you know you are enriching the other persons psychic/spiritual
life, the energy between the two people is multiplied in a synergistic effect known as a "power exchange." This synergy is further enhanced when the power
exchange takes place among like-minded members of the S/M community.
There are also other reasons why people are attracted to this relatively new style of S/M. Some people enjoy its rebellious quality of going against
society's taboos and cultural norms. For many the allure of S/M would be significantly reduced if the majority of people were openly practicing it. But
there probably isn't much need to worry about this happening in the near future. And by no means insignificant, the thrill of doing something that goes
against cultural norms, as well as the stimulation of pain itself, can cause the body to produce extra adrenaline that can be very exhilarating.
Furthermore, for many people the practice of this contemporary S/M leads to what many psychologists refer to as "flow." This is a pleasurable and virtually
universally sought after psychological experience in which a person is so immersed in his or her experience that to a great extent the "self" is
forgotten and time becomes significantly altered, and the person feels enriched from the experience. This is similar to the flow experience that artists and
athletes often experience. And just as extreme sports enthusiasts such as skydivers and motorcycle racers often experience this enriching state of being,
so do practitioners of this new blend of art and sport called S/M.
Though this style of S/M may be an extreme in comparison to most of what society enjoys, rather than being "sick," as some people who have narrow minds
would call it, it can lead to a multifaceted enrichment of one's spirituality. Lastly though, safe, sane and consensual S/M is simply fun--or at least it
should be. If you don't enjoy it, you shouldn't be doing it. But if you don't
enjoy it--which is fine, not everyone needs to--please be opened minded enough to allow others the freedom to enrich their lives with it. After all, the
individual's freedom to pursue happiness is the foundation that our country was built on.
Copyright © 1998 by Keith L. Kendrick Permission to reprint this in its entirety is freely granted--in fact, it is encouraged.
Page Updated
08/27/05
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